Vaginal douching and adverse health effects: a meta-analysis.

Vaginal douching: evidence for risks or benefits to women's health.

Vaginal douching is the process of intravaginal cleansing with a liquid solution. Douching is used for personal hygiene or aesthetic reasons, for preventing or treating an infection (1), to cleanse after menstruation or sex, and to prevent pregnancy (2). For at least 100 years, there have been conflicting views on the benefits or harm in douching. Although there is a broad consensus that douchi...

Global Association of Cold Spells and Adverse Health Effects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

BACKGROUND There is substantial evidence that mortality increases in low temperatures. Less is known about the role of prolonged cold periods denoted as cold spells. OBJECTIVE We conducted the first systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the evidence on the adverse health effects of cold spells in varying climates. DATA SOURCES AND EXTRACTION Four databases (Ovid Medline, PubMed, ...

Adverse health effects associated with Islamic fasting -A literature review

Introduction: Millions of Muslims across the world observe Islamic fasting during the holy month of Ramadan, as well as the other specific dates in the lunar calendar year. While fasting during this month, Muslims refrain from eating or drinking from dawn to dusk. Islamic fasting is similar to alternate day fasting (ADF) since it incorporates an average of 12 hours of fasting and 12 hours of fe...

Vaginal douching by women with vulvovaginitis and relation to reproductive health hazards

BACKGROUND Vaginal douching (VD) is a common practice among married women all over the world specially those in the Middle East. It is used for personal hygiene or for other aesthetic reasons in many countries. The current study investigates the prevalence of VD among patients with vulvovaginitis in Egypt. It also compares the reproductive health hazards among women performing routine VD with t...

Vaginal douching and vaginal substance use among sex workers in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa